Philodendron bipennifolium ranges from southern Venezuela to southern Brazil. In Venezuela, the species is known only from Amazonas...
Philodendron bipennifolium also called as Philodendron wayombense, Horsehead Philodendron, Fiddleleaf Philodendron, is a species of the genus Philodendron. This species was described by Heinrich Wilhelm Schott in 1855.
IDENTIFY PHILODENDRON BIPENNIFOLIUM - HORSEHEAD PHILODENDRON
Philodendron bipennifolium ranges from southern Venezuela to southern Brazil. In Venezuela, the species is known only from Amazonas in the vicinity of Yavita along the Rio Temi, but it is expected to be much more widespread.
It is a hemi-epiphytic vine to 2 m long or more, with internodes 8-15 cm long and 6-20 mm diameter, more or less terete petioles 25-37 cm long, a green spathe tube that is pale and short lineate, and a spathe blade only slightly paler than the spathe tube.
The species was confused by Engler and Krause with Philodendron panduriforme but the two are not very similar. The former is distinguished by its more or less panduriform blades with a hippocrepiform sinus, the anterior lobe having a single pair of lateral lobes that are more or less truncate at the apex.
Philodendron bipennifolium is also similar to Philodendron quinque/obum, which sometimes has a similar leaf blade. However, that species differs in having a deep, narrow sinus in the middle of the anterior lobe and in having the anterior lobe divided almost to the midrib near the base. In contrast, -the anterior lobe of Philodendron bipennifolium has no narrow sinus midway and is only weakly constricted near the base.
The plant is mature and ready to reproduce in 12 to 15 years in ideal climates. It produces a creamy white spathe and tiny round ½-inch (1.5 cm.) green fruits.
PHILODENDRON BIPENNIFOLIUM - HORSEHEAD PHILODENDRON CARE AND CULTURE
Cultural information should only be used as a guide, and should be to be adapted to suit you. Your physical location; where you grow your plants, how much time you have to devote to their care, and many other factors, will need to be taken into account. Only then can you decide on the cultural methods that best suit you and your plants.
Light:
Philodendron bipennifolium grows best in bright and indirect sunlight. Exposure to the sunlight can causes a yellowish color in the leaves or a sunburn spot. Artificial light gives best results if natural light is not present.
Rotate your plant periodically to ensure even growth on all sides and dust the leaves often so the plant can photosynthesize efficiently. When dusting the leaves, also take the opportunity to inspect the undersides and keep an eye out for pests.
Temperature:
Horsehead Philodendron grows well in normal to warm indoor temperatures 24-27ºC (75-80ºF). They cannot tolerate temperatures which drop below about 13ºC (55ºF).
Substrate and growing media:
Fiddleleaf Philodendron grows best in loose, well-drained soil which is rich high in organic matter. It also be grow in 100% sphagnum peat moss and mixtures such as peat-vermiculite or peat-perlite. This species need supports to cling to. A totem pole, pieces of rough bark or stakes wrapped with a thick layer of sphagnum moss will serve well.
The plants benefit from repotting to a larger container when they become root bound and outgrow the original pot. A combination of half soil-based potting mixture and half leaf mould or coarse peat moss is used.
Move the species into container one size larger only when their roots have completely filed the current one. This is done at any time of year except during the short rest period. After the long rest period the convenient pot size has been reach (probably about 25-30cm (10-12 inch)), an annual spring top-dressing with fresh potting mixture will help to keep the plat healthy. A container with drainage holes to prevent root rot is used. A cachepot is used if a decorative container is without drainage. It is necessary to cover the bottom of a cachepot with pebbles so as to keep the plant above the drainage water.
Watering:
The vital factors in keeping Philodendron bipennifolium growing evenly with large, uniform leaves is plentiful of water. Keep the potting mix consistently moist, but not wet. Make sure all excess water drains, since sitting in water or overwatering can cause root injury, which will cause leaves to turn yellow and drop. A high-humidity environment should be maintained with a pebble tray or by grouping plants will encourage larger leaves.
Fertilizer:
Horsehead Philodendron are considered heavy feeders. Regular feeding program with a nitrogen fertilizer will increase leaf size and produces a larger, healthier plant. Throughout the months while the plant is actively growing apply standard liquid fertiliser once every two weeks. It's a nice strategy to fertilize more frequently at half strength than to apply one strong dose. Plants which mainly grows in low-light conditions require less fertilization than actively-growing plants. Moist soil requires fertilizers to avoid injury to plant roots.
Pruning:
Use a sharp pruners or scissors to control the size and shape of the plant. You can remove entire leaves by cutting them off at the base of the leaf stem. You can also remove the lower leaves if you want to reveal the plant's stem. Always wear gloves when pruning and wash your hands and tools when finished. You don't want to get the sap in your eyes or mouth.
Propagation:
Cutting and layering are popular methods of Philodendron species propagation. Try propagating them during the growing season. A small brown nubs are formed where the leaves meet the stem. These nubs, when in contact with soil or water, will grow roots. There are many ways to propagate this plant, the easiest being to cut a branch just below a root-nub and place it in water with a few pieces of horticultural charcoal to reduce the likelihood of rot. As soon the growth of new leaf takes place it is potted in the rich soil. Similarly it can also be propagated within its own pot by pinning vines at the root-nub to the soil with hairpins or bent wire. The root nub in contact with the soil will sprout new roots in a very short time. When the different parts of Philodendron species are rooted, the plant will greatly profited from misting several times a day.
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