Pleurothallis secunda care and culture

 Pleurothallis secunda also called as The One-Sided Bloom Pleurothallis, Humboldtia secunda, Humboltia secunda, is a species of the genus Pleurothallis. This species was described by Eduard Friedrich Poeppig & Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher in 1836.

IDENTIFY PLEUROTHALLIS SECUNDA

 Pleurothallis secunda is native to Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. In Venezuela, these plants were found near Caracas in the Federal District, in the states Aragua near Colonia Tovar (at elevations of 2100-2200 m), Lara near Sanare (at elevations of 1500 m), Mérida in several places (at elevations of 2600-3400 m) and Trujllo (at elevations of 2700-3200 m).

© Eddie Thalen

 It is a small to just medium sized, warm to cold growing epiphyte with caespitose, terete, slender, to stout, 7-80 cm long ramicauls enveloped basally by 2 to 4 tubular sheaths and carrying a single, apical, erect, elliptic or oblong, acute to shortly acuminate, coriaceous, 9-30 cm long and 2-13 cm wide leaf.

 The One-Sided Bloom Pleurothallis blooms in the spring on a 1-2 suberect to arching, lax, to 20 cm long, simultaneously several-flowered inflorescence with tubular floral bracts that holds the non-resupinate flowers out and away from midleaf. The flowers are 1.5 cm in diameter. The lower petal of this species is the lowest, and the side outer petals form a hood over the lip and the brim, have bright petals of the outer whorl, transparently yellow-green, with longitudinal veins in the pinkish-brown color. The inner coat flakes are more transparently yellow than the petals of the outer whorl and have a red coloration at the apexes. The lip is fleshy, bright yellow, the stump is dirty white, and the chamber cover is white with a yellow triangle at the base.

PLEUROTHALLIS SECUNDA CARE AND CULTURE

 Cultural information should only be used as a guide, and should be to be adapted to suit you. Your physical location; where you grow your plants, how much time you have to devote to their care, and many other factors, will need to be taken into account. Only then can you decide on the cultural methods that best suit you and your plants.

Light:

 Pleurothallis secunda needs a light level of 18000-25000 lux. The light should be slightly filtered or scattered, and the plants should never be exposed to the direct sunlight of the midday sun. Strong air movement should be ensured all the time.

© orchids.la.coocan

Temperature:

 The average temperature of the summer day is 19-21 ° C, night 10 ° C, and the daily difference is 9-11 ° C. The average temperature of the winter day is 18-19 ° C, the night 8-9 ° C, and the daily difference is 10 ° C.

Humidity:

 For most of the year, The One-Sided Bloom Pleurothallis needs the average humidity of 80%, it drops to almost 75% for a few months at the end of summer and at the beginning of autumn, after which it increases to almost 85% in the period of late winter and the beginning of spring.

Substrate, growing media:

 The Pleurothallis secunda can be grown in small pots or baskets, or mounted on rootstocks with tree ferns, with roots covered with sphagnum. The mounted plants require high humidity and summer watering at least once a day. During hot, dry weather, it may be necessary to water several times a day.

 These plants are usually grown in pots or baskets using a loose, quickly drying substrate, such as bark or chopped woody fern fiber. Perlite addition is also used, which relaxes the substrate, but also retains some of the moisture. The addition of charcoal also improves the properties of the substrate and prevents its souring.

Repotting:

 Pleurothallis secunda wrongly tolerate the start of the root ball, so repotting and dividing should only be done when absolutely necessary. However, since the roots do not tolerate the unfolded substrate, the plants should be repotted immediately when the substrate begins to decompose. Therefore, it is better to use tree ferns in the ground, because this decomposes very slowly.

 Repotting can be done when new roots begin to grow, because then the plant will stabilize quickly. After division, sometimes it takes up to 2 years for the plant to stabilize.

Watering:

 Precipitation is moderate to heavy for most of the year, but the period of several winter months is slightly less rainfall. The plants should often be watered during active growth, but the substrate around the roots can never be soggy or damp.

© orchids.la.coocan

Fertilizer:

 It is recommended to apply a 1/4-1/2 dose of orchid fertilizer weekly. You can use a balanced fertilizer throughout the year, but also can use high-nitrogen fertilizer from spring to autumn and then the high-phosphorus fertilizer until the end of autumn.

Rest period:

 In winter, Pleurothallis secunda need to slightly reduce the amount of water, especially those grown in a dark, short day at moderate latitudes. However, they can never dry up completely. Fertilization should be reduced or eliminated until spring, when more watering is undertaken.

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Pleione formosana care and culture

 Pleione formosana also called as The Formosa Pleione, Taiwan pleione, Windowsill orchid, Coelogyne formosana, Pleione bulbocodioides var. nivea, Pleione formosana f. alba, Pleione formosana var. nivea, Pleione hookeriana f. nivea, Pleione hui, Pleione pricei, Pleione prisei, is a species of the genus Pleione. This species was described by Bunzō Hayata in 1911.

IDENTIFY PLEIONE FORMOSANA

 Pleione formosana is native to southeastern China as well as northern and central Taiwan, where it grows in mosses on sunlit rocks, on fallen logs or on tree trunks, in damp, foggy places, at an altitude of 1500-2000 m.

© Averater | CC BY 4.0

 It is a small sized, cold growing terrestrial or lithophyte, which reaching 15-30 cm in height, with compressed, ovoid to ovoid-conical, 1-3 cm long pseudobulbs carrying a single, apical, erect to arcuate, oblanceolate to elliptic, plicate, acuminate, deciduous, 10-25 cm long leaf that is shortly petiolate.

 The Formosa Pleione blooms in the late winter and early spring with one or two flowers per erect, to 22 cm long, inflorescence which arises basally as a new growth appears. The flowers have a diameter of 8-10 cm. They are usually from lilac to pink, but the flowers are very variable in size and colors, resulting in many varieties named. The lip is very frayed, colored in the middle yellow, with red or brown spots on the edges.

PLEIONE FORMOSANA CARE AND CULTURE

 Pleione formosana is a strong, resistant to temperatures below zero, easily adaptable plant that easily blooms as soon as a cool resting period passes. However if it is grown at too high a temperature it will go down and die. Every year, each growth produces 2 new pseudobulbs with a size capable of flowering. In areas where the winters are mild, they are often grown outside in peat decks. If they are kept in a drought, they can survive even frosts from -6 to -8 ° C.

Light:

 This plant needs a light level of 24000-40000 lux. Distributed light is recommended. Although this species is easily adaptable, direct sun should be avoided.

© Kuo-Chu Yueh | CC BY-SA 2.0

Temperature:

 It is a plant with moderate thermal requirements. In summer, the average day temperature is 21-24 ° C, the average night 12-16 ° C, which gives a daily difference of 5-12 ° C. The average temperature of the winter day is 17-21 ° C, night 7-10 ° C, which gives a daily amplitude of 9-11 ° C.

Humidity:

 The Formosa Pleione needs the humidity of 80-90% almost for all year round.

Substrate, growing media and repotting:

 The substrate should keep the moisture, but it must be well-permeable. Repotting is best done after the leaves have fallen.

Watering:

 During active growth, the growing medium should be kept moist. The precipitation scheme is wet / wet, with a short dry period in winter.

© Kuo-Chu Yueh | CC BY-SA 2.0

Fertilizer:

 A fertilizer with NPK 3-2-2 containing microelements, with a concentration of 1/2 the recommended dose should be used during the period of active growth. However, NPK 2-3-3 fertilizer with a concentration of 1/2 the recommended dose is recommended from mid-July until the leaves fall.

Rest period:

 Pleione formosana requires at least occasional temperature drop to 0-2 ° C in winter. Watering should be limit to occasional fogs, which will protect against problems with pseudobulb rotting. The plants should not be fertilized during this period.

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Dendrobium scoriarum care and culture

 Dendrobium scoriarum, also called as Dendrobium guangxiense, Dendrobium mitriferum, is a species of the genus Dendrobium. This species was described by William Wright Smith in 1921.

IDENTIFY DENDROBIUM SCORIARUM

 Dendrobium scoriarum is native to the southeastern Yunnan to Guanxi provinces of China and Vietnam. In China, these plants were encountered in the west of Tengyueh (latitude 24 ° N), where they grew on rocks and on trees near the lava bearing at an altitude of about 1520 m.

 It is a small to medium sized, cool growing epiphyte, which reaching 60 cm in height, with erect, terete, many noded, slender, 60 cm long stems carrying coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse to slightly oblique-bilobed apically, 4 cm long leaves.

 This species blooms in the spring on a 1 to 2 flowered, 3 to 5mm long inflorescence arising on older leafless stems. The flowers are 1.6 cm long. The ovoid-longitudinal petal of the dorsum and the petals of the outer sickle with sickle-shaped shape are yellowish with red coloration. The lance-shaped petals of the inner whorl are pale yellowish-white. The top of the spine is bright, pink-burgundy. The flakes of both whorls are sharp. The ruff is crimson with a pale yellow center. The edges of the side plots are slightly serrated, and the top of the middle plot is hairy.

DENDROBIUM SCORIARUM CARE AND CULTURE

 Cultural information should only be used as a guide, and should be to be adapted to suit you. Your physical location; where you grow your plants, how much time you have to devote to their care, and many other factors, will need to be taken into account. Only then can you decide on the cultural methods that best suit you and your plants.

Light:

 Dendrobium scoriarum needs a light level of 25000-35000 lux.

Temperature:

 The average summer temperature is 23-24 ° C, the night 17-18 ° C, giving a daily difference of 6-7 ° C. The average temperature of the winter day is 17-18 ° C, night 0-2 ° C, giving a daily difference of 16-18 ° C.

Humidity:

 In the summer and early autumn, this species needs the humidity of 85-90%, and at the end of winter it drops to 60-65%.

Substrate, growing media and repotting:

 These plants can be mounted on tree rootstocks or cork, with high humidity is ensured and watering is carried out at least once a day in summer. When growing in pots, any loose, quickly drying substrate is recommended. Repotting is best done when new roots grow.

Watering:

 From late spring until autumn, the rainfall is very abundant, but it is much drier during the winter months. Dendrobium scoriarum should be constantly moist during active growth, but in the autumn when new growths reach maturity, the amount of water should be reduced.

Fertilizer:

 It is recommended to apply a 1/4-1/2 dose of orchid fertilizer weekly. From spring to mid-summer, high nitrogen fertilizer should be used, and then high phosphorus fertilizer by the end of autumn.

Rest period:

 In cultivation, watering and fertilization should be reduced for 2-3 winter months. Dendrobium scoriarum should dry slightly between waterings, but they can not stay dry for too long.

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Dendrobium schuetzei care and culture

 Dendrobium schuetzei also called as Schuetze's Dendrobium, is a species of the genus Dendrobium. This species was described by Robert Allen Rolfe in 1911.

IDENTIFY DENDROBIUM SCHUETZEI

 Dendrobium schuetzei is native to the Philippines. They grow in the north of the island of Mindanao, in the provinces of Surigao and Agusan. They often occurs near Dendrobium dearei, in dense forests, at heights of 300-910 m.

© sunoochi | CC BY 2.0

 It is a small to medium sized, hot growing epiphyte, which reaching a height of 15-40 cm, with erect, 12 noded, 10-30 cm long stems with many, narrowly ovate, suberect, coriaceous, obscurely bilobed apically, 6-10 cm long leaves.

 Schuetze's Dendrobium can bloom in the winter and fall on a short, 3 to 4 flowered raceme with fragrant, waxy flowers that is longer than the leaves and arising from bracts near the apex of the cane. The flowers are 6.0-9.5 cm in diameter and after opening are completely flat. All elements of the flower are white. The lip may have purple wisps at the base. The mark is emerald green. The dorsal petal is oval-lanceolate, pointed and curved. The lateral outer petals are triangular, sharp and have bulges. Widely oval to round petals of the inner whorl have a tiny sharp tip. A three-spherical lip on the bent side plots, and a wide, oval-ovoid central plot is curled along the edge and indented at the top.

DENDROBIUM SCHUETZEI CARE AND CULTURE

 Cultural information should only be used as a guide, and should be to be adapted to suit you. Your physical location; where you grow your plants, how much time you have to devote to their care, and many other factors, will need to be taken into account. Only then can you decide on the cultural methods that best suit you and your plants.

Light:

 Dendrobium schuetzei needs a light level of 20000-30000 lux.

© cyberwildorchid

Temperature:

 The average temperature of the day throughout the year is 25-28 ° C, the night 19-20 ° C, giving a daily difference of 6-8 ° C.

Humidity:

 Schuetze's Dendrobium needs the average humidity of 80-85% for almost a whole year, and in late autumn and winter it increases to 90%.

Substrate, growing media and repotting:

 These plants can be mounted on tree ferns or cork, but you should ensure high humidity and watering in summer at least once a day. These plants can also be grown in pots filled with any loose, quickly drying substrate. Repotting can be done when new roots grow.

Watering:

 Precipitation is moderate to very abundant throughout the year. Dendrobium schuetzei should be constantly moist, but not soaked. It may be beneficial to use warm water for watering.

© sunoochi | CC BY 2.0

Fertilizer:

 It is recommended to apply a balanced fertilizer for orchids every week or every two weeks for a full year 1/4-1/2 doses.

Rest period:

 Although in the natural habitat, the precipitation is the highest in winter, Dendrobium schuetzei should not be increased in water. The plants should be moist, with only little drying between waterings.

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Pleione aurita care and culture

 Pleione aurita also called as The Golden Pleione, is a species of the genus Pleione. This species was described by P.J.Cribb & H.Pfennig in 1988.

IDENTIFY PLEIONE AURITA

 Pleione aurita is native to Yunnan Province in China. These plants are found in the western part of the Yunnan Province, in rhododendron forests at elevations around 2700 meters.

© Naoki Takebayashi | CC BY-SA 2.0

 It is a small, cold growing, deciduous, terrestrial species, which reaching a height of 15-18 cm, that has conical, angular, green or pale green, 2.5-4.0 cm long pseudobulbs carrying a single, apical erect, acute, narrowly-elliptic, deciduous, 13-15 cm long leaf.

 The Golden Pleione gives rise to an erect, 5 to 15 cm long, slender, single flowered inflorescence arising on a new growth and having elliptic-oblanceolate, acute floral bracts, all appearing after all the leaves have fallen off the pseudobulbs and occurring in the spring. The flowers are 6.4-7.6 cm in diameter. They can be pale pink, pink or purple and usually have darker tips of the petals. The inner whorl flakes are strongly bent, the dorsal flap is slightly inclined forming a kind of hood, the lip is wavy around the edges and in the middle it has 4-5 lines of long hairs.

PLEIONE AURITA CARE AND CULTURE

 Cultural information should only be used as a guide, and should be to be adapted to suit you. Your physical location; where you grow your plants, how much time you have to devote to their care, and many other factors, will need to be taken into account. Only then can you decide on the cultural methods that best suit you and your plants.

Light:

 Pleione aurita needs a light level of 24000-36000 lux. The scattered light will probably be the most appropriate.

© Naoki Takebayashi | CC BY-SA 2.0

Temperature:

 The average temperature of the summer day is probably 21-23 ° C, the night 8-15 ° C, which gives a daily difference of 8-11 ° C. The average temperature of the winter day is probably 13-16 ° C, the night from -1-4 ° C, which gives a daily difference of 12-16 ° C.

Humidity:

 The Golden Pleione needs the humidity of 70-80% throughout the year.

Substrate, growing media and repotting:

 The substrate should retain moisture, but must be very permeable. Repotting is best done in autumn after the leaf fall.

Watering:

 During active growth, the Pleione aurita should be kept moist. Rainfall pattern is wet in summer and dry in winter.

© orchids.la.coocan

Fertilizer:

 1/2 dose of orchid fertilizer with NPK 3-2-2 with microelements should be used weekly during active growth. 1/2 dose of orchid fertilizer with NPK 2-3-3 is recommended from mid-July until leaf fall.

Rest period:

 Low temperatures are probably necessary for at least part of the winter rest. The amount of water should be reduced to occasional fogging to protect the tubers from drying and fertilization eliminated.

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Phragmipedium lindenii care and culture

 Phragmipedium lindenii also called as Linden's Phragmipedium, Cypripedium caudatum var. lindenii, Cypripedium caudatum var. uropedium, Cypripedium lindenii, Paphiopedilum caudatum var. lindenii, Paphiopedilum lindenii, Phragmipedium caudatum var. lindenii, Phragmipedium lindenii, Selenipedium caudatum var. lindenii, Selenipedium lindenii, Uropedium lindenii, is a species of the genus Phragmipedium. This species was described by Robert Louis Dressler & Norris Hagan Williams in 1975.

IDENTIFY PHRAGMIPEDIUM LINDENII

 Phragmipedium lindenii is native to Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela. These plants are found on open savannas and under shrubs, tall ferns, tall trees, and on fallen logs, in rain forests at elevations of 1200 to 2850 meters.

© Drriss & Marrionn | CC BY-NC-SA 2.0

 It is a large sized, cold to warm growing lithophyte or terrestrial, which reaching a height of 30-46 cm, with no pseudobulbs, with imbricate, conduplicate leaf-bearing sheaths carrying ligulate, leathery, distichous, 3 to 4 pairs, basally imbricating, glabrous, dark green conduplicate below into the base, 41 cm long leaves.

 Linden's Phragmipedium blooms in the late fall and early winter with long lasting, simultaneously opening flowers on a sub-erect, terminal, to 25 cm long, 1 to 3 flowered, racemose inflorescence that is just longer than the leaves and has a large leafy basal bract and several prominent tubular bracts. The flowers are almost white to yellowish-green, and the inner whorls, which have the shape of ribbons, are colored red. When the flower opens, the petals of the inner whorl are not fully formed and extend over several days. In most of the known forms, the lip is replaced by a third inner leaf, also in the shape of a ribbon. However, sometimes there are forms with a lip and these are very similar to Phragmipedium caudatum.

PHRAGMIPEDIUM LINDENII CARE AND CULTURE

 Cultural information should only be used as a guide, and should be to be adapted to suit you. Your physical location; where you grow your plants, how much time you have to devote to their care, and many other factors, will need to be taken into account. Only then can you decide on the cultural methods that best suit you and your plants.

Light:

 Phragmipedium lindenii needs a light level of 30000-40000 lux. Distributed light is recommended.

© D. L. Nickrent

Temperature:

 The average temperature of the day is 25-27 ° C, and the night 16-18 ° C, which gives a daily difference of 7-9 ° C.

Humidity:

 Linden's Phragmipedium needs the humidity of 75-85% throughout the year.

Substrate, growing media and repotting:

 Phragmipedium lindenii needs a quickly dry substrate but can retain some moisture and it is recommended to use chopped woody fern fibers. Repotting is best done after flowering, when new roots begin to grow.

Watering:

 The precipitation pattern is wet throughout the year, with 2 periods of very heavy rainfall in spring and autumn. The plants should be constantly moist.

© Mauro Rosim

Fertilizer:

 During the growing season, it is recommended every week or every 2 weeks apply 1/4-1/2 doses of fertilizer for orchids.

Rest period:

 In winter, you can slightly reduce the amount of water, humidity and fertilization for Phragmipedium lindenii until new growth occurs in the spring when more watering is resumed.

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Dendrobium scabrilingue care and culture

 Dendrobium scabrilingue also called as The Rough-Lipped Dendrobium, Callista scabrilinguis, Dendrobium alboviride, Dendrobium galactanthum, Dendrobium hedyosmum, is a species of the genus Dendrobium. This species was described by John Lindley in 1859.

IDENTIFY DENDROBIUM SCABRILINGUE

 Dendrobium scabrilingue is native to Myanmar, Laos and Thailand. These orchids are usually found in uplands, at heights of 600-1220 m. In Myanmar, they grow near Moulmein in the region of Tenesserim and along the Salween River.

© Naoki Takebayashi | CC BY-SA 2.0

 It is a small sized, warm to cool growing species, which reaching 15-30 cm in size, with tufted, fusiform or swollen towards the apex, 10 noded, 15-30 cm long stems carrying 4 to 6 leaf sheaths covered with black hairs and carrying persistent, ligulate or oblong-linear, obscurely bilobed apically, 6-10 cm long leaves.

 The Rough-Lipped Dendrobium blooms from winter till summer on a very short, 1 to 3 flowered inflorescence with minute scarious bracts that arises from the nodes near the apex of leafy canes and the lower nodes on leafless canes carrying scented, waxy, long-lasting flowers. The flowers are 3.5 cm in diameter. The petals of both whorls are green to greenish-white when they open, but within a few days they take the color of ivory or bluish-white. The three-faced lip is yellow-green with green veins just after opening. The elongated bulge begins at the base of the lip and splits into 3 lines approximately in the middle of the middle plot. The tops are covered with warts and uneven. There are 2 less visible lines on each side of the bulge. The side plots are green with red spots. The middle plot has a yellow shield with dark orange cavities and scarlet stripes.

DENDROBIUM SCABRILINGUE CARE AND CULTURE

 Cultural information should only be used as a guide, and should be to be adapted to suit you. Your physical location; where you grow your plants, how much time you have to devote to their care, and many other factors, will need to be taken into account. Only then can you decide on the cultural methods that best suit you and your plants.

Light:

 Dendrobium scabrilingue needs a light level of 25000-35000 lux. Some shading is necessary from spring to autumn, but the level of light should be as high as possible, as the plant can bear without burning the leaves.

Temperature:

 The average temperature of the summer day is 28-30 ° C, night 21 ° C, giving a daily difference of 7-9 ° C. In spring, before the summer rainy season begins, the average day temperature is 32-33 ° C, night 14-21 ° C, which gives a daily difference of 11-18 ° C. In winter, the average day temperature is 26-30 ° C, night 11 ° C, giving a daily difference of 15-18 ° C.

Humidity:

 For most of the year, The Rough-Lipped Dendrobium needs the humidity of almost 80%, but at the end of winter and at the beginning of spring it drops to around 60%.

Substrate, growing media and repotting:

 Dendrobium scabrilingue can be grown mounted on tree ferns or cork, or planted into tiny pots filled with any loose, quickly drying substrate. You need to use smallest pots as possible, so that can only hold the roots. Repotting should be performed as rarely as possible, but if it is necessary, it should be done when new roots begin to grow, or just after flowering.

Watering:

 Precipitation is moderate to heavy from late spring to early autumn, but it is drier in the winter. These plants should be moist in the growing season, but when the new growth reaches maturity in autumn, the amount of water should be gradually reduced.

© Naoki Takebayashi | CC BY-SA 2.0

Fertilizer:

 It is recommended to apply a 1/4-1/2 dose of orchid fertilizer weekly. From spring to mid summer, fertilizer with an increased nitrogen content is preferred, and fertilizer with an increased content of phosphorus should be used at the end of summer and autumn.

Rest period:

 You can complete eliminate water in winter, but the Dendrobium scabrilingue are healthier if they for the most part of this period will dry between waterings and not stay dry for too long. However, during 1-2 months at the beginning of spring, the plants should be occasionally fogged early in the morning if the pseudobulbs begin to wrinkle, or if a long period of sunny weather is expected. In winter, fertilization should be eliminated and resumed in spring with increasing watering.

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Dendrobium sanderae care and culture

 Dendrobium sanderae also called as Mrs. Sander's Dendrobium, Dendrobium sanderae var major, Dendrobium sanderae var. milleri, Dendrobium sanderae var. parviflorum, Dendrobium sanderae var. surigaense, is a species of the genus Dendrobium. This species was described by Robert Allen Rolfe in 1909.

IDENTIFY DENDROBIUM SANDERAE

 Dendrobium sanderae is native to the Philippines. They grow on trunks of pine trees in the mountains on the island of Luzon, at an altitude of 1000-1650 m. They are also found in the provinces of Benguet, Mountain and Rizal.

© sunoochi | CC BY 2.0

 It is a medium to large sized, cool growing epiphyte, which reaching 41-81 cm in size, with erect, slightly thickened below the middle, longitudinally striate, 41-81 cm long stem covered with leaf-sheaths that have black hairs and carrying up to 40, ovate to narrowly ovate, bilobed at apex, 5 cm long leaves.

 Mrs. Sander's Dendrobium blooms in the spring through fall on a short, apical and lateral, 2 to 4 flowered inflorescence carrying long-lived flowers that arise from the nodes near the apex of the cane. The flowers are 7-10 cm in diameter. They are large, effective and crystal white. The inner whorls are wide, spread out and rounded, and the outer whorl flakes are narrower and sharply terminated. The lip has an indented, ovoid central plot. The throat has sharp contrasting red or plum-purple stripes.

DENDROBIUM SANDERAE CARE AND CULTURE

 Cultural information should only be used as a guide, and should be to be adapted to suit you. Your physical location; where you grow your plants, how much time you have to devote to their care, and many other factors, will need to be taken into account. Only then can you decide on the cultural methods that best suit you and your plants.

Light:

 Dendrobium sanderae needs a light level of 15000-25000 lux. Distributed light is recommended.

© sunoochi | CC BY 2.0

Temperature:

 Throughout the year, the average day temperature is 22-25 ° C, the night 13-16 ° C, and the daily difference is 6-10 ° C.

Humidity:

 For most of the year, Mrs. Sander's Dendrobium needs the humidity of 85-95%, but in winter it drops to 80-85%.

Substrate, growing media and repotting:

 The plants can be grown on tree root or cork pads, or in small pots filled with any loose, quickly drying substrate. Repotting can be done at any time as soon as new roots grow.

Watering:

 Precipitation is very abundant from spring to autumn, but in winter their number drops significantly. Dendrobium sanderae should be constantly moist from spring to autumn, but at the end of autumn the amount of water should be gradually reduced.

© sunoochi | CC BY 2.0

Fertilizer:

 It is recommended to apply a 1/4-1/2 dose of orchid fertilizer weekly. From spring to mid summer, fertilizer with an increased nitrogen content is preferred, and fertilizer with an increased content of phosphorus should be used at the end of summer and autumn.

Rest period:

 In winter, Dendrobium sanderae can tolerate even temperature drops of up to 6 ° C. Over the period of 2-4 winter months, the plants should dry a little between watering, but they can never stay dry for too long.

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Phragmipedium caudatum care and culture

 Phragmipedium caudatum also called as The Tailed Phragmipedium, the Mandarin Orchid, Cypripedium caudatum, Cypripedium elatum, Paphiopedilum caudatum, Phragmipedium humboldtii, Phragmopedilum caudatum, Phragmipedium caudatum f. albertianum, Selenipedium caudatum, Selenipedium caudatum var. albertianum, Uropedium lindenii, is a species of the genus Phragmipedium. This species was described by Robert Allen Rolfe in 1896.

IDENTIFY PHRAGMIPEDIUM CAUDATUM

 Phragmipedium caudatum is native from southern Mexico to Peru. These plants usually grow at an altitude of 1500-2000 m, but they are even found at an altitude of 2590 m. They grow on forest trees, in shade in humus soil, or on cliffs facing north and west (in the southern hemisphere they have the highest insolation). These plants prefer the areas with leaking water.

© Orchi | CC BY-SA 3.0

 It is a large sized, robust, caespitose, fan-shaped, cool to warm growing lithophyte, terrestrial or epiphyte, which reaching the size of 60-76 cm, with no pseudobulbs, with imbricate, conduplicate leaf-bearing sheaths carrying ligulate, leathery, distichous, 3 to 4 pairs, basally imbricating, glabrous, dark green conduplicate below into the base, 61-76 cm long leaves.

 The Tailed Phragmipedium blooms from winter through summer with long lasting, simultaneously opening flowers on a sub-erect, terminal, to 60 cm long, 3 to 6 flowered, racemose inflorescences that is just longer than the leaves and has a large leafy basal bract and several prominent tubular bracts. The main part of the flower is 10-15 cm long, and the flowers are the largest in this genus. The yellow petals of the inner whorl hang down, they are twisted, similar to ribbons and have reddish veins. The side petals of the external whorl are narrow, twisted, yellow with green veins, while the dorsal petal is inclined over the lip. The white pocket is green at the base, purple-brown at the top and has pink dots.

PHRAGMIPEDIUM CAUDATUM CARE AND CULTURE

 Cultural information should only be used as a guide, and should be to be adapted to suit you. Your physical location; where you grow your plants, how much time you have to devote to their care, and many other factors, will need to be taken into account. Only then can you decide on the cultural methods that best suit you and your plants.

Light:

 Phragmipedium caudatum needs a light level of 24000-30000 lux and the plants should avoid the direct sun.

© Eric Hunt | CC BY-SA 4.0

Temperature:

 It is a plant with moderate thermal requirements. In summer the average day temperature is 28-31 ° C, night 14-15 ° C, which gives a daily difference of 13-17 ° C. For 3-4 months in winter, the average day temperature is 29-30 ° C, and the night is 7-12 ° C, which gives an exceptionally large daily amplitude of 19-22 ° C.

Humidity:

 The Tailed Phragmipedium needs the humidity of 60-80% throughout the year.

Substrate, growing media and repotting:

 A substrate that is fast drying but retain a part of moisture is necessary. You can use a mixture of chopped sphagnum moss and chopped tree fern fibers. Repotting is best carried out when new roots begin to grow.

Watering:

 You need to ensure constant, even humidity of the substrate. Although the precipitation pattern is wet / dry, these plants often grow in areas with soaking water, indicating that moisture is available throughout the year.

© Felix | CC BY-SA 2.0

Fertilizer:

 During active growth, the plants should be fertilized every week or every two weeks with 1/4-1/2 of the recommended dose of fertilizer for orchids. Given that these plants often grow in areas rich in organic components, it is recommended to use organic fertilizer.

Rest period:

 In winter, watering, humidity and fertilization should be limited, while the amount of light can be slightly increased to simulate an increase in the number of cloudless days.

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Phaius humblotii care and culture

 Phaius humblotii also called as Humblot's Phaius, Gastrorchis humblotii, Gastrorchis humblotii var. rubra, Gastrorchis humblotii var. schlechteri, Gastrorchis schlechteri, Gastrorchis schlechterii, Phaius humblotii var. ruber, Phaius humblotii var. schlechteri, Phaius schlechteri, is a species of the genus Phaius. This species was described by Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach in 1880.

IDENTIFY PHAIUS HUMBLOTII

 Phaius humblotii is native to Madagascar and in the Comoros. They grow in humid forests with a part of trees that lose their leaves, at the altitudes of 1200-1500 m.

 It is a medium to large sized, cool growing terrestrial, which reaching 46-80 cm in height, with spherical, 4 cm in diameter pseudobulbs carrying elliptic-lanceolate, plicate, acute, 36-38 cm long, shiny and bright green leaves.

 Humblot's Phaius blooms on an erect, robust, to 90 cm and more, apical, racemose inflorescence with 7 to 10 flowers opening in succession over a long period. The flowers are 6 cm in diameter and are open for 4 weeks. The outer whorls and the much wider flakes of the inner whorl are red to pink, sometimes with white wisps. The beaded lip has a deep pinkish-scarlet color and a yellow thickening.

PHAIUS HUMBLOTII CARE AND CULTURE

 Cultural information should only be used as a guide, and should be to be adapted to suit you. Your physical location; where you grow your plants, how much time you have to devote to their care, and many other factors, will need to be taken into account. Only then can you decide on the cultural methods that best suit you and your plants.

Light:

 Phaius humblotii needs a light level of 15000-25000 lux. The light should be diffused and direct sunlight should be avoided.

© claude44

Temperature:

 It is a thermophilic plant. The average temperature of the summer day is 24-25 ° C, the night 15-17 ° C, giving a daily difference of 7-8 ° C. The average temperature of the winter day is 22 ° C, the night 13-15 ° C, giving a daily difference of 6-8 ° C.

Humidity:

 Humblot's Phaius needs the humidity of 70-80% during wet summer season.

Substrate, growing media and repotting:

 You can use a fertile mix for substrate with good drainage. Repotting is best done in spring, when the plant takes active growth.

Watering:

 During the active growth, a large amount of water is required. The substrate should be moist, but not soaked. The rainfall pattern in the year is: wet / dry.

© Ian Fraser

Fertilizer:

 During the growing season plants should be fertilized every week with 1/2 of the recommended dose of fertilizer for orchids.

Rest period:

 The resting period initiates flowering of Phaius humblotii. These plants are able to withstand a temperature drop in the winter to 4 ° C, if they are dry. The level of light can be larger; fertilization should be reduced. The growing conditions should also be more dry, and watering reduced to occasional fogging.

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Dendrobium purpureum care and culture

 Dendrobium purpureum also called as The Purple Dendrobium, Callista purpurea, Callista reinwardtii, Dendrobium praeustum, Dendrobium purpureum subsp. candidulum, Dendrobium purpureum var. album, Dendrobium purpureum var. candidulum, Dendrobium purpureum var. moseleyi, Dendrobium purpureum var steffensianum, Dendrobium reinwardtii, Dendrobium scabripes, Dendrobium talaudense, Dendrobium viridiroseum, Pedilonum purpureum, Pedilonum reinwardtii, Pedilonum talaudense, is a species of the genus Dendrobium. This species was described by William Roxburgh in 1820.

IDENTIFY DENDROBIUM PURPUREUM

 Dendrobium purpureum is native to Vanuatu, Fiji, Bougainville, New Guinea, the Caroline Islands and the islands of the Malay Archipelago. This plants occur on coastal lowlands and in mountain forests, from sea level up to 1150 m. They were also encountered on trees in the forest at an altitude of 800 m, on Mt.Klabat (Minahassa).

© faatura | CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

 It is a small to large sized, hot to cool growing epiphyte, which reaching 50-110 cm in height, with clustered, cylindrical to spindle-shaped, erect, curved or pendulous, grooved with age, slightly swollen basally, yellow green to purple, 50-110 cm long stems that have silvery sheaths carrying several, apical, lanceolate, dark green, deciduous, 7-14 cm long leaves that alternate along the stem in 2 rows.

 The Purple Dendrobium blooms at most any time of the year with spring as the main time on a 2.5 cm long, several to many flowered inflorescence with the semi-closed flowers held in a cluster arising on leafy and leafless stems. The flowers are 1.3-2.0 cm long and often remain rather closed. The sharp outer petals of the outer whorl and the rounded petals of the inner whorl may be red, purple, pink-purple or white, but they always have green tips and may be paler at the base. The edges of the inner whorl flakes and the lip may have delicate cilia. The underside of the outer whorls flakes is rarely covered with tiny warts. The lip is white, slightly 3-membered, narrowed below half the length and has edges wrapped in. The top of the lip sometimes has a green tinge.

DENDROBIUM PURPUREUM CARE AND CULTURE

 Cultural information should only be used as a guide, and should be to be adapted to suit you. Your physical location; where you grow your plants, how much time you have to devote to their care, and many other factors, will need to be taken into account. Only then can you decide on the cultural methods that best suit you and your plants.

Light:

 Dendrobium purpureum needs a light level of 30000-40000 lux. At high light levels, constant, strong air movement and high humidity should be ensured.

© faatura | CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

Temperature:

 The average day temperature during the whole year is 26-28 ° C, night 20-21 ° C, giving a daily difference of 6-8 ° C.

Humidity:

 The Purple Dendrobium needs the humidity of almost 80% throughout the year.

Substrate, growing media and repotting:

 Mounted on tree fern or cork supports favors their overhanging habitat. However, high humidity should be maintained and watering should be done at least once a day in summer. If it is not possible to mount the plants, they can be grown in small pots or baskets filled with loose, quickly drying substrate. Repotting can be carried out at any time as soon as new roots grow.

Watering:

 Precipitation is very abundant throughout the year. Dendrobium purpureum should be constantly moist, but not soaked. It is beneficial to use hot water.

© Orchi | CC BY-SA 3.0

Fertilizer:

 Weekly or every 2 weeks use of a 1/4-1/2 dose of orchid fertilizer is recommended. Balanced fertilizer should be used for a round year.

Rest period:

 Dendrobium purpureum cultivated in the conditions of a dark, short day at moderate latitudes should reduce the amount of water in winter. However, they can never dry up completely. When reducing the amount of water, fertilization should be reduced or eliminated.

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Dendrobium rhodostictum care and culture

 Dendrobium rhodostictum also called as The Red-Spotted Dendrobium, Dendrobium madonnae, Sayeria rhodosticta, is a species of the genus Dendrobium. This species was described by Ferdinand von Mueller & Friedrich Fritz Wilhelm Ludwig Kraenzlin in 1894.

IDENTIFY DENDROBIUM RHODOSTICTUM

 Dendrobium rhodostictum occurs from East New Guinea to the island of Bougainville, covering the islands of New Ireland and New Britain. In New Guinea, they grow on trees in mountain rain forests or wet forests, or in the ground on steep, damp, mossy slopes, at heights of 800-1200 m.

© Averater | CC BY 3.0

 It is a small to medium sized, warm to cool growing species, which reaching 13-25 cm in height, with basally fusiform to apically swollen, yellow, 3 to 5 noded, 8-23 cm long stems below the 2 to 4, dark green, persistent, leathery, spreading, 5-10 cm long leaves.

 The Red-Spotted Dendrobium blooms from March till May and August and September on an erect or arching, short to 7.5 cm, few flowered raceme with 3 to 8, waxy, fragrant flowers that arise from the apex of a cane. The flowers are 6-7 cm in diameter. The white petals of both whorls may have green or purple veins. They are sharp and have bulges. The whale-tail lip has purple dots on the front rim. Their size and quantity is variable. The top of the lip has a small, sharp appendix in the middle of the indentation.

DENDROBIUM RHODOSTICTUM CARE AND CULTURE

 Cultural information should only be used as a guide, and should be to be adapted to suit you. Your physical location; where you grow your plants, how much time you have to devote to their care, and many other factors, will need to be taken into account. Only then can you decide on the cultural methods that best suit you and your plants.

Light:

 Dendrobium rhodostictum needs a light level of 25000-35000 lux.

© 阿橋 HQ | CC BY-SA 2.0

Temperature:

 The average temperature of the day throughout the year is 25-28 ° C, night 16-17 ° C, giving a daily difference of 10-12 ° C.

Humidity:

 The Red-Spotted Dendrobium needs the air humidity throughout the year of 80-85%.

Substrate, growing media and repotting:

 These plants can be grown on tree rootstocks or cork, with high humidity is ensured and watering is done at least once a day in summer. When growing in pots, you can use any loose, quickly drying substrate. Repotting can be performed when new roots grow.

Watering:

 Precipitation is abundant throughout the year, but it is slightly drier during the winter months. Dendrobium rhodostictum should be kept constantly moist, but not soaked.

© Averater | CC BY 3.0

Fertilizer:

 Weekly or every 2-week 1/4-1/2 dose of recommended fertilizer for orchids is recommended. Balanced fertilizer should be used for a year round.

Rest period:

 In winter, Dendrobium rhodostictum are able to survive the temperature drops to 10 ° C, the amount of water and fertilizer should then be slightly reduced, especially when plants are grown in dark and short days at moderate latitudes. However, they can never dry up completely.

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